Research Article Critique on Alzheimers Disease - 1720 Words

Danisha Stewart April 18, 2012 Research Article Critique 1 NURS 4922 1. Brodaty, H., Ames, D., Snowdon, J., Woodward, M., Kirwan, J., Clarnette, R., amp; ... Greenspan, D. (2005). Risperidone for psychosis of Alzheimers disease and mixed dementia: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(12), 1153-1157. 2. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose risperidone in treating psychosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mixed dementia (MD) in a subset of nursing-home residents who had dementia and aggression and who were participating in a randomized placebo-controlled trail of risperidone for aggression. 3. The problem is†¦show more content†¦e. I did not recognize any potential bias introduced by the sampling method used. The researcher states the eligible requirements to participate in the study and the results reveal the significance of the use the patients and the effectiveness. f. The sample is representative to white female patients from nursing homes or long term facilities. The population includes Australia and New Zealand. The study reflects a large number of elderly patients with moderate to severe psychosis of AD and MD. 9. About Research Ethics: a. The study was conducted in accordance with the ‘Recommendations Guiding Physicians in Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects’ in the 1989 Declaration of Helsinki. b. Overall, I believe that the well-being of the patients were adequately considered because this study was conducted to decrease psychosis of Alzheimer’s disease and mixed dementia by using low dose risperidone for aggression. 10. About the Research Design: a. The study was designed as an experimental research by using independent and dependent variables. b. Internal validity occurs when a researcher controls all extraneous variables and the only variable influencing the results of a study is the one being manipulated by the researcher. This means that the variable the researcher intended to study is indeed the one affecting the results and not some other,Show MoreRelatedThe Clinical Trials For Alzheimer s Disease2166 Words   |  9 Pagesthe only way to find better drugs, prevention, and even a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. Participants will try new treatments and answer whether they are effective and safe. The Alzheimer s Association provides a clinical trial matching program, TrialMatch, to help Alzheimer’s patients find clinical trials that best fit them. Meanwhile, the association has been donating many promising research studies. Since people with Alzheimer’s have problems in doing daily tasks, the caregiver plays a significantRead More A Critique of Thank You for Smoking? Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesA Critique of â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦.?† Peter Brimelow’s article â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦.?† is an essay that looks at a rather extreme perspective on smoking. Brimelow starts off by describing the many actions that are taken against the tobacco industry; he writes that in some states, the government is trying to make the tobacco industry pay certain health care costs. However, he then goes on to state that smoking may actually be good for one’s health. He uses various sources to show thatRead MoreRestraints Review Of Qualitative And Quantitative Studies1517 Words   |  7 Pagesstudies The purpose of this paper is to critique the research article, Mohler Meyer’s â€Å"Attitude of nurses towards the use of restraints in geriatric care: A systemic review of qualitative and quantitative study 2014. The incident I am going to discuss in this paper is of Mr. P., an 85-year-old man, admitted to this facility about 4 months ago. His history includes coronary heart disease, cataract, dementia, hypertension, macular degeneration and Alzheimer’s. Mr P. scored 28 of 30 on the FolsteinRead MoreAn Article On Academic Evidence And Influence On Nursing Practice1879 Words   |  8 PagesThe article selected for critique is entitled â€Å"Leisure activities, cognition and dementia† authored by Wang, H-X. Xu, W. and Pei, J-J (2011). The aim of this essay is to critically analyse an article of published, academic evidence and to evaluate its relevance and contributions to nursing practice. Critical literature analysis plays an important role in nursing practice as the discipline produces an ever-expanding amount of research and literature that is essential to the on-going development ofRead MoreThe Government Fund Stem Cell Research1952 Words   |  8 PagesGovernment Fund Stem Cell Research in Regard to Ethics? Jake Gilman Ms. Johnson A.P. Language and Composition Gilman 1 He was dying. 31-year-old Edgar Irastorza, a Miami property manager, had a heart attack on October 2008 due to excessive weight gain and a hereditary cholesterol problem. Although he survived the attack, it resulted in massive scar tissue damage in his heart. At this point in time, Edgar knew he had to get help, and fast. In Karen Weintraub’s article â€Å"The Trials of Stem CellRead MoreLesion Studies1855 Words   |  8 Pagesof the brain and central nervous system which have been damaged or rendered none-operational due to some form of accidental damage or because of experimentation. Therefore a Lesion is an area of brain tissue that has been damaged by an accident, disease or infection, or placed in a state of none-function by an experimental trial. Within Biological Psychology they are an important area of study: they provide information about loss of function in the brain area effected by the Lesion, but this canRead MoreHealth Benefits And Side Effects On The Consump tion Of Coffee2973 Words   |  12 Pagesthe go or even the infamous drive-thru coffee retailers. Access to coffee is very easy and can be bought almost anywhere even at local gas stations. Since coffee is not just widely consumed but also easily accessed there are still further needs for research that needs to be done about coffee. This paper will analyze both the health benefits and side effects of consuming coffee. Concurrently in order to analyze the benefits and effects of coffee one must first analyze what coffee contains. Active IngredientRead MoreShould Identity Chips Be Used For Humans?1846 Words   |  8 Pagesuse of identity chips on human beings to ease the increasing need for instant information on all citizens. In particular, proponents of identity chips for humans argue that they would identify people with criminal records or those on the run. The research findings outline that people perceive the chips to be both advantageous and with several shortcomings. The chips enhance the quality of services offered in hospitals and improve smooth mentoring of the work environment. The employers use the chipsRead MoreLiterature Review of Pain Management in Dementia.4900 Words   |  20 Pageswith clients with cognitive impairment. Methods Searches were made of several databases Cinahl Embase Medline BNI Psych For articles published between 1990 and 2006 using the keywords, pain assessment, pain management, elderly, dementia and palliative care. Findings Most evidence in relation to this area of practice is anecdotal demonstrating a need for further research. Evidence presented in this review shows encouraging results in regard to the development of assessment tools and that there areRead MoreAnalgesic and Facilitator Pain Assessment5740 Words   |  23 PagesIndividual Research Article Critique Presentation Resource: The research study that you selected in Week Two Develop a 10- to 15-minute presentation in which you address the following points (7 pts): †¢ Strengths and weaknesses of the study †¢ Theoretical and methodological limitations †¢ Evidence of researcher bias †¢ Ethical and legal considerations related to the protection of human subjects †¢ Relationship between theory

Impact Of Communication On Cross Cultural Communication

Cultural differences can negatively impact effective communication thus companies need to train employees on cross-cultural communication. Companies not trained in cultural differences run the risk of ruining a business deal or relationship. Mukherjee and Ramos-Salazar (2014) mentioned, â€Å"The key to global business success depends on effective cross-cultural etiquette and global workforce diversity management† (p.18). Companies that understand differences between cultures have a competitive advantage over others. Communication is important to any company and communication between cultures has â€Å"invisible barriers† (Guang Trotter). These barriers include time zones and language. Backgrounds, beliefs, and morals are also different between cultures, which affect how business is conducted. Relationships also need to be established to have a successful business partnership. As companies become more globalized communication strategies are becoming more dynamic. Companies that work internationally are competing for individuals that have intercultural competence (Graf Mertesacker, 2009, p. 539.) Individuals with intercultural competence are successful at interacting with other cultures. They have a better understanding of foreign cultures and how to conduct themselves when working with cultural differences. Good communicators are able to achieve business objectives and build good business relationships. Once a good business relationship has been it must be maintained. TrainingShow MoreRelatedCultural Intelligence Of The Semrush American And Russian Managers And Its Impact On The Cross Cultural Communication1552 Words   |  7 Pagesdemonstrates the reasons and explanations for the research on cultural intelligence of the SEMrush American and Russian managers and its impact on the cross-cultural communication within the company. The following literature review consists of three sections. The first section will focus on the concept of cultural intelligence, 4 factors model and training of cultural intelligence. The second section will cover the research of managerial cultural intelligence in different environment, especially in theRead MoreAnalysis : Managing Across Borders1132 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor impact on the effectiveness of the communicational process. Many studies have highlighted the fact that culture influences the way of thinking of an individual that can have major impact on the communication pattern of the strategies (Mazanec et a l. 2015). For that reason, organizations often try to develop effective strategies to utilize cultural diversity for capturing different perspectives to a particular decision. Specifically, globalization has made proper management of cultural diversityRead MoreThe Impact Of Culture On International Marketing Communication1486 Words   |  6 PagesSUMMARY Cultural factors have long been known to impact the communication and success capability of competition in conducting worldwide business. The objective of this report is to recognize the importance of cultural factors occurring in marketing communications. Therefore, it discusses the following: †¢ Key issues in cross-cultural marketing communication which shows identifying the cultural factors to support marketing communication in the proposed markets and pre-requisites for cross-cultural communicationRead MoreCultural Differences At Work Between The Usa And Russia1138 Words   |  5 PagesThe concept of cross-cultural communication. 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To work in different culture it is necessaryRead MoreChall enges Of Cross Cultural Work Environment999 Words   |  4 Pages CHALLENGES IN CROSS CULTURAL WORK ENVIRONMENT ABINAY KANKATI Sullivan University MGT-510 Executive Summary: The proposal briefs about the challenges in a cross-cultural work environment and how we can over come these challenges. Cross-culture as the name sounds involves dealing with various cultures across the world. Working in a cross-cultural work environment is always difficult and the need to face challenges is quite common in such organizations. Communication is one of the keyRead MoreCross Cultural Relationships1105 Words   |  5 PagesCROSS CULTURAL RELATIONSHIPS As the world becomes more and more internationally connected, the need to understand people from different cultures and how to interact appropriately with them also increases. Managers and leaders need to develop intercultural competences that can help them be more aware of their own culturally-based perceptions, norms, and patterns of thinking, and consequently adapt their behaviors according to specific cultural contexts. Managing people across cultures  offers solidRead More Cultural Differences in Nonverbal Communication Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pagesthe exchange is verbal. The larger part of the message is made up of body language or movements, known as nonverbal communication. The reason for people using nonverbal communication is to enhance the message they are sending to the receiver. One way nonverbal communication differs is through cultural differences. Cultural differences have a significant impact on nonverbal communication as cultures differ greatly in their nonverbal interpretations and responses. Firstly, this essay will prove howRead MoreCross Cultural Communication Skills And Communication1318 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This paper will give a brief overview and then analyze the different cross cultural communication skills, including; oral, written, formal, informal, verbal and non verbal. It will then compare and contrast two focus areas of cross culture communication; culture and ethics. This paper will then conclude its findings Brief overview of cross-cultural communication skills Oral communication is transmitted through speech. It includes personal conversations, speeches, meetings, telephoneRead MoreThe Impact Of Communication On Public Relations935 Words   |  4 Pagesauthors of this article posit to articulate the contribution that communication audit plays in public relations to the extent that it is conceived fittingly as an effective tool that can be applied in management. The effectiveness of communication analysis helps in tackling the needs of the target message, the audience as well as the media and augments the effectiveness of the efforts that are made in the process of communication. According to Hollister Patricia (2005), the retention of an outside

Strategic Management for Aloft Bangkok - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Management for Aloft Bangkok. Answer: Introduction Aloft Bangkok is a hotel located in Bangkok Thailand. A simple experience anticipates you in Thailand's hippest hotspot! Aloft Bangkok are simply ventures from the best shopping, nightlife, and feasting goals, and a brisk 5-minute walk around Nana BTS Sky train and MRT Subway stations for simple access to Bangkok's greatest attractions. Aloft Bangkok Sukhumvit 11 offers stream setting style at a take and conveys urban cool to surprising spots, where anything can happen: vitality streams, identities blend and openings flourish. In the premises of Thailand an adventurous and breezy awaits people with the Aloft Bangkok. It can also allow a best of shopping areas, a dining destination and a night life (Sigala, 2016), This report is based on the organizational strategic implications and to analyze its importance. It has found that in order to have the good competitive environment it is necessary to focus on the better strategy implementation. First of all a little introduction has been made on the strategic communication plan. The author of the study stated that a strategic communication plan is a plan that plays a significant part in the daily operation of the organization. It main role is to frame the media activities including the external and internal communication of the organization with the purpose to clarifies the priorities of organizations, its target audience, staff assignment and resources. It is basically drives goals and outcomes of the organizations. This is implemented with the purpose to express its vision into mission statements the beliefs and values of the organizations also carefully considered (Ameen, 2015). This report is based on the strategic analysis and evaluation of the organizational business with the help of theoretical perspective and strategic process to analyze about the firm competitive environment to identify the major threats and opportunities and to the evaluation on the firms internal environment to analyze about its major strength and weakness. A critical evaluation will do to analyze about the consistency of plan strategies with the organization missions and its business model to define way for organizational effectiveness. The main purpose of this report is to analyze about firms internal and external environment to have competitive advantage. External Competitive Environment Analysis of Aloft Bangkok The author of the study stated that on order to have the good marketing position in the industry it is very important to analyze and review the external competitive environment to have update about what competitors are performing in industry and what are the perspective strategies (Craven, 2016). After the analysis it has come across knowledge about the opportunities of Aloft Bangkok and about the major threats they need to save from. Some of the major opportunities and threats under the privilege of Aloft Bangkok are stated as follows Opportunities of Aloft Bangkok Some of the major opportunities of the Aloft Bangkok that are helping them to maintain status strong in order to have good competitive environment which will help them to increase their market value are stated as follows Attractiveness for Tourist One of the biggest opportunities Aloft Bangkok has is its ultimate best services that will helpful to them in order to attract the tourist. There best services are letting them to provide a complete attraction to tourist with their effective and efficient services. Expand Product Line One of the other main opportunities that Aloft Bangkok have is the opportunity to bring expansion in their product line. They are now currently focusing on the implementation of strategy that will expand their product line. They are thinking towards the expansion through introducing the amusement park in their production line which will help them to attract the new customer and as well as a sign of attraction for the current position. New Horizons One of the other opportunities they have is that for the food processing companies they are creating new horizons, a new door has been open for them by providing creative opportunities to the food processing companies in order to have the good market positions. Threats of Aloft Bangkok Some of the major opportunities of the Aloft Bangkok that are not helping them to maintain status strong in order to have good competitive environment which will not helping them to increase their market value are stated as follows Strikes and Terrorism One of the biggest threats Aloft Bangkok has been facing is due to the strike issue they have been having with in the premises of industry by the workers or strike that will be occur due to the economic condition other than this they can also face the major threats because of the terrorism issue. Increased Competition One of the other major threats that Aloft Bangkok has been facing is due tithe intense increase in the competition in the industry as the competitor of Aloft Bangkok are always working to bring changes in their environment in order to make the competition intense. In order to maintain this issue Aloft Bangkok has been focusing on the formulation of strategies that will save them from any type of threats. Competitor Increasing Market Share One of the other threats they have been facing is due to the increase in the market share value that is the major threats they are facing in the market. The intense increase in the market share is big threats that Aloft Bangkok has facing now days and they are working to cope-up with this major issue. Internal Environment Analysis of Aloft Bangkok The author of the study stated that on order to have the good marketing position in the industry it is very important to analyze and review the internal environment to have update about to perform well in industry and what are the perspective strategies to cover it up (Piercey, 2016). After the analysis it has come across knowledge about the strengths of Aloft Bangkok and about the major weakness that they need to cope up in order to deliver the best market services. Some of the major strength and weakness under the privilege of Aloft Bangkok are stated as follows Strength of Aloft Bangkok Some of the major opportunities of the Aloft Bangkok that are helping them to maintain status strong in order to have good internal environment condition which will help them to increase their market value are stated as follows Own Reputation in Market Aloft Bangkok is one of the reputable organizations that are working with the core of their hearts to deliver the best services to its customers. This is due to the reason that they are working in strong internal environment in order to deliver services by working effectively and efficiently. International Recognitions One of the biggest strength Aloft Bangkok has its internal recognitions that are their biggest strength which is the reason that will help to maintain their international customers. To have an international recognitions always help them to stay at top in the market (Hamermesh, 2017). Excellent Service Provider One of the major and most important strength of the Aloft Bangkok is that they are working with the core of their heart to deliver the best services to their customer, this will helping them to maintain their customer. Due to their best service provided to the customer will set them apart in the industry. Weaknesses of Aloft Bangkok Some of the major weaknesses of the Aloft Bangkok that are not helping them to maintain status strong in order to have good internal environment which will not helping them to increase their market value are stated as follows Global Environment One of the major weaknesses that they have been facing is due to the global competitive environment because Aloft Bangkok is an international organization and it is their core duty to keep their standard well maintained in order to save them from any sort of major weakness. Lees Media Advertising One of the other biggest weaknesses that Aloft Bangkok has been facing is due to the fewer medium advertising they must focus internet advertising in order to have more promotion. It is very important to focus on the media advertising in order to have good and effective market position. Less Focus on the short-term and long-term objectives One of the other major weaknesses they are facing is due to not focusing on the short term and long term objectives. It is found that Aloft Bangkok has face may of the issue because of not working with proper planning and set objectives (lussier, 2016). Critical Evaluation Consistency of Selected Strategies with Organizations Missions and Major Goals The author of the study stated that it has very important to know about the level of consistency of selected strategies that are design to implement in the organization. It has found that it is very important to know about consistency of formulated strategies that will be consistent with the organization mission and major goal (White, 2016). It means that the consistency is very important to be focused in order to achieve the result of the formulated strategies. Aloft Bangkok is a stylish hotel that is working to provide best services to its customers. After the analysis it has been found that they have formulated many of strategies so that the organizational goals should achieve efficiently. For this purpose strategic mangers at Aloft Bangkok are working to align the strategic goals with the organization mission and goals in order to determine the best output of applied strategy. Aloft Bangkok are working on the implementation of the different strategies in order to work more effect ively to maintain the good market position. Congruent Employees Strategies and Constitute a Viable Business Model The author of the study stated that the organizational performance is basically depends on the culture, structure work and people of the organization but the main focus should be on people that is employee of the organization. It is very important to determine the congruency to the employees that is relatable with the designed strategies. A congruency is all needed on the first basis in order to determine the best output for the suggested strategies. The employee must have all the related information in order to focus on designed strategies to work in right manner in order to have effective and efficient result so that a good market position can be maintained (William, 2015). Consultant Suggestions to Improve Business or Organizational Effectiveness In order to improve business or organizational effectiveness it has suggested to the Aloft Bangkok by internal consultant: They must focus on the short term goals and long term goals in order to have effective and efficient achievement of organizational goals so that a good market position could achieve. They must focus on other promotion tools such as internet advertising in order to have more publicity for this purpose it has been recommend to them that they must make Facebook and Twitter pages in order to promote business and keep the customer up to date (David, 2015). They must focus on the diversification to bring new types of product in the business in order to attract customers with more innovative ideas. They must focus on the implementation of those strategies in order to attract the tourist that will be beneficial for them to attract the new customers. They must focus on to bring the increment in the product line that will help them to retain the customers. Conclusion In a nut shell it has been concluded that the Aloft Bangkok is one of the reputable organization that are working with both hands to meet the organizational goal and in order deliver the best services to its customer so that a good market value has been made and maintained. Aloft Bangkok is an organization that has maintained its image in international market. They are working with the strategies to attract tourist that is the biggest opportunity for them in order to attract new customers (Greenly, 2012). They are thinking towards the expansion through introducing the amusement park in their production line which will help them to attract the new customer and as well as a sign of attraction for the current position. They are creating new horizons; a new door has been open for them by providing creative opportunities to the food processing companies in order to have the good market positions. Aloft Bangkok has been focusing on the formulation of strategies that will save them from any type of threats. The intense increase in the market share is big threats that Aloft Bangkok has facing now days and they are working to cope-up with this major issue. Aloft Bangkok that is helping them to maintain status strong in order to have good internal environment condition this will help them to increase their market value. Aloft Bangkok is one of the reputable organizations that are working with the core of their hearts to deliver the best services to its customers. This is due to the reason that they are working in strong internal environment in order to deliver services by working effectively and efficiently. To have an international recognitions always help them to stay at top in the market. Aloft Bangkok are working to align the strategic goals with the organization mission and goals in order to determine the best output of applied strategy which means that they are focusing on developing the consistency between the strategies and goals of Aloft Bangkok. Further they ar e working to bring congruency in employees by motivating them to work with efficacy to maintain the good market position (Gamble, 2015). References Sigala, M., 2016. Service Development: A Framework, Cases and Implications in Tourism.Social Media in Travel, Tourism and Hospitality: Theory, Practice and Cases, p.25. Ameen, M., Brokaw, E., Jensen, K., Koroulis, C. and Ross, A., 2015. Strategic Communication Plan for Rocky Mountain National Park. Cravens, D.W. Piercy, N., 2006. Strategic marketing, Boston (Mass.) opportunities and threats : McGraw-Hill. Hamermesh, R.G., 2017. Strategic management, New York: Wiley. Lussier, R.N. Achua, C.F. 2016, Leadership: theory, application skill development Greenley, G.E., 2012. Strategic management, Prentice-Hall. Gamble, J., Thompson, A.A. Peteraf, M.A. 2014, Essentials of strategic management: the quest for competitive advantage, White, C., 2014. Strategic management, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Williams, K., 2016. Strategic management, London: Dorling Kindersley. David, F.R. David, F.R., 2010 Strategic management: cases, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Panda Express free essay sample

Autumn Gold English 101 Evaluation Panda Express Price; quality; and quantity; those are the three main components one should look for in a decent place to eat. In today’s economy, with the amount of money we pay for food, we want enough to satisfy us and be worth the money. Quality is a high standard in today’s food industry. Customers want to know if the food they are consuming is made from fresh and natural ingredients rather than preservatives. Quantity is a must as people want a good amount of product for what they pay for. Consumers don’t want food that will only fill them for an hour; they want food that is a meal. The only fast food place that comes to mind that fits these qualifications is Panda Express. Let’s see how it stands with the check list, starting with price. With the slump the economy is in today, most people can’t afford to spend $8 dollars on a combo meal that includes greasy, low quality, cold food. We will write a custom essay sample on Panda Express or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Panda Express offers a few different options for a reasonable price. For $7, a three-item meal includes a side of rice or chow mien, and three servings of your choice of entrees.Drinks are only $1. 99 for a large or $2. 75 for your choice of available bottled beverages. Panda Express even offers kids meals for less than $5. No matter your situation, there are options that are delicious and affordable. So with the $7 you pay, let’s look at the quality of food being served and if you are getting your money’s worth. Now-a-days, the food industry is pushing the limits on the amount of fresh food they cook with and sell to consumers, relying mainly on preservatives.Panda Express, although they do use some flavoring, cooks with fresh vegetables mixed with premium choice meats. They also advertise in their establishments that they do not cook with MSG, also known as monosodium glutamate, which is a flavor enhancer. The flavor Panda Express incorporates in to their food is natural, fresh, and delicious. One customer on a Panda Express food review site wrote, â€Å"The food is absolutely delicious. It is not only flavorful, [but] the presentation is excellent and is yummy to the eyes as well as the tummy.I give this restaurant extremely high marks for producing a quality product. † Another bonus is that the restaurant is very popular, meaning the food is in high demand. Therefore the food that is already out doesn’t have time to get old and stale. But consumers don’t just want great tasting food in any amount; they want enough to fill them up until the time comes for their next meal. When you order your meal, the side fills up half of the plate. Then, you have the three items as your entrees which each take up a quarter of the plate.A burger can be eaten in minutes while a full plate at Panda Express takes time to eat leaving you with time to enjoy the delicious flavors, freshness, and quality of your meal. You have a plethora of food to choose from as your main course. With all this amount of food, one meal is perfect for those who do sports and build up monstrous appetites, as one example. And if you can’t finish all that food, you have plenty for left-overs. For the small amount you pay, you buy an excellent meal that will fill you up for hours. For $7, you are buying a high quality product.

Fallen Gods Review Essay Example

Fallen Gods Review Paper Essay on Fallen Gods Great and powerful Gleb Orlov, from his gait tremble at his enemies, his breath tremble at his enemies from his speeches his enemies tremble. And all because of a terrible hangover and smell Fume his weapon. And in such a state of hangover, I sent glavvrag (ie chief editor) of the first ladies man in the wild jungle of the Amazon taiga to find out all the details about a mysterious place where the break even Swiss timepieces, not to mention the flight. Since Gleb was powerful, but it is too clever, he scored on the prevention of local hunter (in fact, the new incarnation of Dersu Uzal) and hit it in the past. As mentioned above, large and blunt was Gleb, so he scored all local conventions, sent nafig local nobleman and found himself in a dungeon, but only saved his princess (as we recall, Hleb was a great womanizer, Raziel one of his eyes and a bit stale). Princess drank poison and fell into a coma, and the prince sent Hleb and a few losers (as you can still call those who came to the company Gleb) in the enchanted forest of the kitchen herbs, burn which will see paradise where the broth save the princess. And he went and Gleb Then I will not write, because it will go a continuous spoiler. We will write a custom essay sample on Fallen Gods Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Fallen Gods Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Fallen Gods Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Heres a brilliant story gave us Anton Granovsky. He wrote he had as many as three books. Prolific author. Tells about the story, does not make sense, it is so zashtampovannoe that struck as it may praise. Literary authenticity is missing completely. That there is only a description of the inhabitants of ancient Russia, with the mentality of the inhabitants of the 21st century. It seems that the author is only concerned with one drive and drive the plot is not bothered at all the rest. Ancient Rus had designated bast shoes, but the boyars, apart from these conventions, the feeling that nowhere a hero and did not move. The scale of pianos in the bushes, its something. Once it smells like kerosene, there is a grand piano, and again all in-date information. When it comes to imagery of the characters, the more or less established the protagonist, but it turned to horror plastic, about the others say you do not want. But of course in the book there and dignity, the language the author is very lively, smooth, easy to read and quick, though this is achieved mainly due to his poverty. to swear on not hunting, therefore end up with a review of treatment, do not waste your time reading this opus. The evaluation of the work of pyatiba llnoy scale you can see in my blog.

High School English Courses Needed for College

High School English Courses Needed for College English is perhaps the only high school subject for which colleges almost universally require or recommend a full four years of study. The college admissions officers will expect you to have strong writing and reading skills since these are at the heart of college success whether youre an engineer or a history major. This is also why many colleges require students to take courses in writing as part of a general education requirement- strong writing and communication skills are important for nearly every major and career. In fact, many high schools require students to take four years of English classes for exactly that reason. Samples of Different English Requirements Different colleges word their English requirements differently, but as the examples below illustrate, nearly all want to see four years of high school English: Carleton College: The strongest applicants will have completed four years of English, and at a minimum the college wants to see three years of coursework with an emphasis on writing.MIT: The institute wants to see applicants who have a strong academic foundation in high school that includes four years of English.NYU:  The university notes that the best prepared students have taken four years of English with an emphasis on writing.Stanford: Stanford does not have any requirement for English preparation, but the university states that the best prepared applicants have completed four years of English with a significant emphasis on writing and literature.UCLA: The universitys admissions folks will be looking for four years of college preparatory English that include the reading of classic and modern literature along with frequent and regular writing. Like many schools on this list, UCLA doesnt want to see more than one year of ESL-type course work.  Williams College: Williams has no absolute requirements for English study, but the admissions folks tend to admit students who have a distinguished record in a four-year sequence of English coursework.   Notice that many of these colleges specifically emphasize writing-intensive English courses. There is no exact definition of what makes a high school English course writing-intensive, and your school may not have denoted their courses as such. If a large part of your high school English course was focused on developing writing techniques and style, it will probably count toward a colleges writing-intensive course requirement. English Requirement vs. Recommendation It is also important to remember that, while many schools may recommend four years of English rather than require it, colleges look more favorably upon applicants who have met or exceeded the recommended guidelines. A strong high school record is the best indicator of your potential performance in college, and it almost always the most important part of your entire college application. Admissions officers are looking for students who challenge themselves in their coursework, not those who simply meet the minimum recommendations. The table below summarizes the recommended or required English coursework for a range of colleges and universities. School English Requirement Auburn University 4 years required Carleton College 3 years required, 4 years recommended (emphasis on writing) Centre College 4 years recommended Georgia Tech 4 years required Harvard University 4 years recommended MIT 4 years required NYU 4 years required (emphasis on writing) Pomona College 4 years recommended Smith College 4 years required Stanford University 4 years recommended (emphasis on writing and literature) UCLA 4 years required University of Illinois 4 years required University of Michigan 4 years required (at least 2 rigorous writing courses are recommended) Williams College 4 years recommended Requirements for Non-Native Speakers of English If you attended all four years of high school at an institution where all of the instruction was conducted in English, you will have fulfilled the English admissions requirement for most colleges. This assumes you took an English class every year  and those classes were not remedial. Thus, even if English is not your first language, you will have successfully demonstrated your proficiency without further testing.   If your high school instruction was in a language other than English, you will most likely need to demonstrate your proficiency through standardized testing. One of the most common and popular options is the TOEFL,  the Test of English as a Foreign Language. A good score on the TOEFL will be necessary to demonstrate that you have mastered English enough to succeed in college. The TOEFL, however, is rarely the only option for proving that your English language skills are satisfactory. Many colleges and universities will also accept scores from the IELTS, International Language Testing System. Scores from AP, IB, ACT, and SAT exams are also used by some colleges to help them assess an applicants language proficiency. Sources:Carleton College: https://www.carleton.edu/admissions/apply/steps/criteria/MIT:  http://mitadmissions.org/apply/prepare/highschoolNYU:  https://www.nyu.edu/admissions/undergraduate-admissions/how-to-apply/all-freshmen-applicants/high-secondary-school-preparation.htmlStanford University:  https://admission.stanford.edu/apply/selection/prepare.html  UCLA:  admission.ucla.edu/Prospect/Adm_fr/fracadrq.htm​  Williams:  https://admission.williams.edu/apply/​

The Innovator's Dilemma Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Innovator's Dilemma - Case Study Example ive technologies on incumbent firms, it would be prudent for the organization to balance its product portfolio by having both high-growth and low-growth products. Here, one could look at the 2.5† drive as the low-growth product and the 1.8† as the high-growth product. Also, as Christensen (Para 38) says most incumbents fail because of delay in making the strategic commitment to enter the emerging market. Choosing to offer the 1.8† drive now the organization lessens the likelihood of failing if the 1.8† turns out to be a disruptive technology. Christensen (Para 27) says that established firms are the leading innovators in literally every other sustaining innovations in the drive industrys history. Merely investing in a new technology for fear that it could be a disruptive technology would be a waste of scarce resources. Those resources would be better spent in critically analysing the market. In today’s rapidly changing business environment, the company should not merely focus on their current customers but on their non-consumers as well. The company should find out if there are ways that it could meet the needs of its non-consumers and then invest in developing that market. If developing the 1.8† would enable it to capture this new market, and if the market’s projections imply that it is sustainable then it should invest in the 1.8†. Otherwise, the company should not venture into making the 1.8

Objective and Projective Techniques Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Objective and Projective Techniques - Assignment Example At such times, projective techniques can provide information about the covert aspects of an individual’s personality (Gregory, 2004). Projective techniques like the Rorschach’s Inkblots or the Thematic Apperception Test use ambiguous stimuli that need to be interpreted by the individual. There are no limits to the kind of interpretations possible; and thus, the test allows the clinician to understand aspects of the individual’s personality that may not be accessible to them otherwise (Anastasi, 1997). The more ambiguous the test material, the more likely it is to elicit honest responses that reflect latent aspects of personality. This is because when the test material is ambiguous, it is difficult for the individual to predict how a response would be interpreted (Gregory, 2004). Projective techniques are often criticized as having less reliability as compared to objective techniques. This criticism comes from the fact that there are many different interpretations of a response, and subjective evaluation can play a strong role in this process (Gregory, 2004). The validity of these tests is also difficult to verify as the motivations they measure are unconscious ones. In order to counter these criticisms, many clinicians have published means of standardizing the interpretations and research that helps in accepting them as valuable clinical tools (Anastasi, 1997). Projective techniques are useful in assessing personality as a global construct and to identify latent anxieties and attitudes (Anastasi, 1997). These tests provide valuable information about factors that the individual is unable to tap directly; and can help in bringing together the results of other objective tests (Gregory, 2004). The one concern is that over exposure to the test material can reduc e the efficacy of these tests; and that the interpretations are best used when supported or complimented by data from other more objective

Critical analysis of ''The National Council for Voluntary Essay

Critical analysis of ''The National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO)'' - Essay Example His vision has multiplied and is felt all over the world. Individuals such as S.P.Grundy could be accredited with the success and the loyalty that he has shown his friend from the commissioning before he died .He told him, Grundy â€Å" If I am scuppered I’m leaving $ 1,000 to do some of the things we talked about†. It is from this inheritance that the organization has grown to be what it is today. This is a big challenge to many organizations and they should be encouraged to partake in such kinds of acts. This has been the spirit since its inception with many companies have coming up as a result.( National Council For Voluntary Organizations) . The organizations which would essentially be regarded as projects of the NCVO include;- 1. Citizens Advice Bureaux 2. Age Concern 3. Charities Aid Foundation, 4. ACRE 5. Community Matters 6. Marriage Guidance Councils 7. SIA 8. Standard Committee of Women’s Social Services 9. Young Hostels Associations 10. Young Farmersâ €™ Club among many others These are some of the main projects that through which the NCVO has seen considerable change and impact. Most of these movements for instance the Young Farmers’ Club has gone global to reach continents such as Africa and to be incorporated into the curriculum of these schools. The company conducts its operations from its head office at Regent’s Wharf, London. NCVO as began by Edward was to do its operations in the spirit of helping the community. The organization has over 8300 organizations or members under its umbrella and makes to be the largest organization in the world to have such following. (National Council For Voluntary Organizations ) In the year 2009, the organization celebrated 90 years of serving the world in voluntary and community service. During the celebration, the company indicated that it looks forward to serving the people for another 90 years. The organization has various numbers of functions. These functions are specif ically a reflection of its vision and mission statement. The company’s vision is that whereby all people are influenced and in fact driven to make a positive impact in their diverse communities. The organization’s mission on the other side is such that it aims at being the voice of the people and to provide support for the people especially the voiceless in their communities. The organization also has certain values that it upholds and considers that for every organization under its umbrella has to observe. These values are Independence , it encourages the independence of all organizations under its umbrella, Innovation, in this the organization believes that its members are creative and it will help and uphold this value, collaboration in the sense that NCVO believes that if these organizations interact and do work as a team , then this will aid in the achievement of the goals, Inclusiveness, the NCVO appreciates that these organizations are diverse and it helps this in the sense that it focuses on including all these aspects in the work of the organization, Passion ,the NCVO believes that success of these members is driven by their passion and in so doing it shall uphold ,promote and enhance this value.( National Council for Voluntary Organizations ). Some of the aims of the organizatio

The major constituent of living matter

The major constituent of living matter 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction Water is one of the major constituent of living matter. Around 50 to 90 percent of the weight of living organisms is water. The basic material of living cells, known as protoplasm, consists of a solution in water of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, salts and similar chemicals. Hence, water acts as a solvent which transports, combines, and chemically breaks down these substances. Water is also an essential element for the tourism industry. This is so, because the latter relies a lot on the agricultural industry for the provision of fresh fruits and vegetables for the Food and Beverages Department. Moreover, human beings are dependent on clean, pure and regular supply of water for drinking and other domestic purposes and in the tourism industry it is extensively used for recreation purposes such as in the swimming pools. Furthermore, water is used in the sewerage processing. Unfortunately, it is used indiscriminately for dumping wastes of all kinds and therefore, can be a major source of disease. Consequently, there can be a potential conflict of interest in the use of water resources. In addition, water is used for the generation of electricity which also forms part of the hospitality product. Electric energy is extensively used in each and every corner of hotels and is used in the heating and cooling systems. Also, machines and other equipment such as food processors, refrigerators and ovens need electricity to operate. However, the hospitality industry relies to a great extent on fresh and pure water to supply to its customers. Alongside, it should not be forgotten that this industry is at the same time generating loads of wastewater and since water follows a particular cycle, if somewhere along this cycle water is contaminated by pollutants; the supply of fresh water will be threatened. For this reason, it is of prime importance to preserve the water quality. 2.2 Water quality Water quality is the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water. It is a measure of the condition of water relative to the requirements of one or more biotic species and or to any human need or purpose. The desired quality of water must be related to the actual use of water supply. In terms of water quality, there are a number of chemical contaminants of water which are of great concern. These are lead, aluminium, nitrates and pesticides residues. It has been found that much of the lead present in domestic water supplies has arisen from the use of lead pipes. Lead is dissolved in water at a slow rate and thus it is the greatest concern in cases of slow-moving or stagnant water which has got an acidic pH. Lead also gets into the environment through the use of lead-based chemicals as a petrol additive. However, this source of lead is most significant as a contaminant of air. Aluminium, instead, enters water supplies either as a natural component of water which has passe d through acidic soils or as the compound aluminium sulphate which is used in the clarification of peaty water. It has also been suggested that aluminium and the disease known as Alzheimer are closely linked but this is still being disputed (Source: http://www.waterportfolio.com/).Nitrates in the water supply result mainly from the leaching of agricultural land. They are also present in discharges from sewerage plants. Moreover, some water supplies may contain chemicals which result in the hardness of the water. This hardness is usually caused by the calcium salts and magnesium salts found in the water. Normally, water found in kitchens, laundries, boilers and water-based heating systems do contain these salts and these minerals can be removed from the water by a simple process known as water filtration. This is imperative to be performed as drinkable water must be free from bacteria harmful to the health of human beings. The coliform bacteria are used as indicators of bacteriological water quality. These are associated with pathogenic organisms and are often indicators that a water supply has been contaminated with sewerage. If these bacteria are present in the water, there is a big possibility of faecal contamination and the presence of a number of micro-organisms which may cause gastro-intestinal infections in humans. These organisms might include species of Salmonella and Shigella, Vibrio chole ra, viral hepatitis A amongst others. They are destroyed by heat and chlorine-based disinfectants but can be a hazard in drinking water, water used in the kitchen and last but not least, ice. The most common methods of raw water treatment are firstly filtration to remove solids, taste and odour, secondly biological oxidation to remove organic matter including bacteria and lastly the removal; of iron, manganese, acids, odour and taste. Some substances such as non-biodegradable organic compounds, heavy metals, phosphates and ammonia are quite difficult and expensive to remove. However, chlorination is a common method for the disinfection of water supplies for domestic purposes and in swimming pools. Most of the water supplies must be treated before they are suitable for use in hotels. This treatment is normally carried out by a utility company, which is the Wastewater Management Authority. 2.3 Water and natural environment Water is the most precious gift of nature. It is the genesis of and continuing source of life. Without water, human kind and indeed all other forms of life on earth would not exist. Water is also essential for all development, be it social, industrial or agricultural. It is known to be an integral part of mans environment and the extent to which water is abundant or scarce, clean or polluted, beneficial or destructive determines the quality of human life. Hence, understanding the water cycle is one of the most important factors to be able to understand the environmental impact of wastewater if not well-treated. This is so because untreated wastewater causes loads of harm to the environment when discharged in nature. Water cycle is in fact the flow of water that is where water comes from and how and where it goes. The following diagram helps to better understand the entire water cycle process. The total supply of fresh water remains the same although man has been able to modify the patterns of availability of fresh water supplies with respect to time and space to a certain extent. It is the hydrological cycle which provides fresh water for meeting the various needs of people on the planet and which is relevant in consideration of water availability from year to year. The water cycle over the earth follows a path consisting of evaporation of water from the earths surface commonly from oceans, condensation of water vapour, cloud formation, precipitation and finally flow all over the land surface and even below it, to return back to the oceans lastly. But during the precipitation phase, the pure water supplies become contaminated with much undesirable materials like minerals leached from the soil. This is due to the use of excess nitrate-based fertilizers on land. The excess nitrates drain off into lakes, rivers and also to the underground water which finally goes into the se a. Although there are strict controls done upon the discharges into rivers and lakes, accidental pollution still occasionally occurs and this is why water needs to be treated before consumption and before it is released back to the environment. In hotels, water is more than just a utility. All hotels require considerable volumes of water, which is now becoming an increasingly scarce and expensive resource. Hospitality Operations take advantage of natural water features such as oceans and lakes. But the water quality which will be provided is very important. Water consumption and quality hence should be properly managed not only to keep an ecological balance but also for various reasons. This is because waste water diminishes a scarce resource and costs a lot of money to the hotels, hot water wastes waste not only water but also energy, poor quality water supplies can be risky to the health of both guests and employees and also it can increase the running and maintenance costs of equipment. Finally, contaminated wastewater increases the load on effluent plants and may endanger the water supply of others. 2.4 Water supplies in hotels Most hotels in Mauritius obtain their water from the utility company, Central Water Authority, CWA. Within the building, water supplies are designed to provide different types of water. This is so, because a variety of supplies are required (Lawson, 1976) in hotels for cold water for drinking, cold and hot water for bathrooms, cold water for toilets, hot water circulation for space heating, chilled water circulation for air conditioning, hot and cold water for kitchens and laundry, water for fire-fighting, water for swimming pools, fountains, artificial lakes and finally for watering green fields and ornamental plants. Many hotels offer extensive landscaping and sometimes added amenities such as golf courses. This aspect adds to the environmental impact of the hotels. For example, any golf course usually consumes a large quantity of water. Even a hotels normal landscaping will use large amounts of water and other chemical products. Therefore, to be ecologically sustainable, a hotels grounds and landscaping should run its operations in the â€Å"green way†. This means that the hotel should reduce the water demand, recycle and reduce solid wastes and also recycle and reuse materials as far as possible. As a matter of fact, water forms a major part of the products and services that hotels sell to their customers. This is why much importance should be given to its proper monitoring so that the customers satisfaction are reached or even exceeded and hence leading to the guests being happy. Besides, using water in the landscaping of the hotel will definitely give an aesthetic value to the hotels environment and thus when guests will step in the hotel, they will be charmed by its beauty and their holidays will start nicely. 2.5 Responsible institutions The Water Resources Unit (WRU), created in 1992, was operational as from 1993 and is responsible for the assessment, development, management and conservation of water resources in the Republic of Mauritius. The Unit is the nodal organization for the coordination of all activities concerning water resources management and has to communicate with all the major water user organizations. These are namely the Central Water Authority (CWA), Wastewater Management Authority (WMA), Irrigation Authority (IA) and finally the Central Electricity Board (CEB). WATER RESOURCES INSTITUTIONAL SET UP 2.5.1 Ministry of Public Utilities The Ministry of Public Utilities, MPU is responsible for Electricity and Power, including the Central Electricity Board; Water resources, including Central WATER Authority, Sewerage and other wastewater treatment and disposal including the Wastewater Management Authority and peaceful applications of ionizing radiations. The Ministry is the main body responsible for policy formulation and implementation as regards water resources. The main activity of this Ministry in Mauritius is that it formulates policies in the energy, water and waste water sectors and the establishment of a responsive legal framework to govern the development of these sectors. The Ministry also ensures that the necessary energy is created for services offered by the various organizations so that it will benefit the public. 2.5.2 Water Resources Unit The setting up of the Water Resources Unit was approved by the Government in April 1992. It was then a Division of the Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and Postal Services, which is now the MPU, with the responsibility for the development and the total management of the whole water resources of the country. The WRU started functioning from 07 May 1993, as a Division of the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources, presently MPU. The WRU is responsible for the assessment, development, management and conservation of water resources in the Republic of Mauritius.Some of the objectives of the WRU are to study and formulate policy in relation to the control and use of water resources for the provision of Water for domestic, agricultural, industrial and commercial supply and for hydro-electric power and for irrigation, land drainage and land reclamation, flood control, the development of fisheries, the protection of wild life, a forestation and the control of soil erosion, to investigate w ater resources and to collect, associate and interpret any data with regard to those resources, to prepare an inventory of water resources and to keep the inventory continuously up to date to update, on a regular basis, the Master Plan on the use of water resources, to ensure that appropriate measures are taken for the prevention of pollution of water resources, to prepare and follow up plans for the conservation, utilization, control and development of water resources, to prepare schemes for the development of river basins and trans-river basins, to conduct and co-ordinate research and investigation on the economic use of water, to promote, design and construct, with the help of appropriate authorities, schemes and works for the purpose of conservation and development of water resources, to inspect any work carried out in relation to water development or utilization purposes and to grant rights for the use of water and to issue permits, licences. 2.5.3 Central Water Authority The Central Water Authority established under the Central Water Authority Act of 1971 is responsible mainly for the treatment and distribution of potable water to domestic, industrial and commercial consumers while ensuring that the quality of treated water conforms to the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Actually, around 99.6% of the population is connected to the piped water supply. 2.5.4 Wastewater Management Authority The Wastewater Management Authority constituted under the Wastewater Management Authority Act of 2000 is responsible for collection, transport, treatment and disposal of domestic and industrial including commercial sewage. In the year 1998 around 21% of the population was connected to the sewer system and the goal was to connect around 50% of the population by the year 2010. 2.6 Why treat wastewater Wastewater treatment is not a widely published fact, but there is no reason why it cannot be a widely acknowledged problem. The worlds supply of fresh water is slowly running dry. Forty percent of the worlds population is already dealing with the problem of water scarcity. Most of the diseases plaguing the world are water-borne. And while there is a child born every eight seconds in America, there is a life taken every eight seconds by some water-borne disease in other parts of the world. The fact is that there is a significant climate change, and as a consequence of this change, some regions are becoming drier while others are getting wetter. According to the United Nations, water scarcity is amongst the most serious crises facing the world and things are only getting worse. Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan of the erstwhile USSR, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Argentina, Peru and Brazil in Latin America, parts of China and the Middle East especially Iran, and more than 25 countries of Africa are all suffering from varying degrees of desertification. Global weather has gone awry. The problem of scarcity of water is making poor countries poorer. Countries that are already facing drought and famine are getting less and less water. Hence we have to become more water-efficient and get more from every gallon of water. And the only way to do this is to recycle and reuse waste water. Water is the giver of life and it has no substitute and therefore every drop of it counts a lot. Wastewater has to be treated so as to remove organic and inorganic matter which would otherwise cause pollution to the natural environment. Also it has to be treated so that all pathogenic organisms that are organisms which cause diseases can be removed in order to protect both the natural environment and human health. This should also be undertaken so as to reduce the impacts of both organic and inorganic matter on the marine environment. This is because wastewater constitutes of sediment which increases turbidity and blocks out sunlight into the sea, it reduces the rate of photosynthesis and hence can smother near-shore habitats. Moreover, wastewater contains oxygen demanding substances which if in high levels will result in a reduction in the amount of available dissolved oxygen. And finally, excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are also present in wastewater which will cause excessive algal growth leading to oxygen depletion in the seas and hence eutrophication. Furth ermore, human exposure through direct and indirect contact to the pathogenic organisms in the sea may be fatal and even result into death. Some of the more common types of diseases associated with bathing in contaminated recreational waters or through consumption of contaminated sea food are swimmers itch, gastro-enteritis, dermatitis, viral hepatitis, wound infections, cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery. 2.7 Wastewater generated by hotels Hospitality facilities require large amounts of water and generate large amounts of waste as well. Water savings potentially vary greatly from hotels to hotels depending on types of facilities and how hotel guests use it. Water in hotels is used in guesthouse areas for bathing and sanitary purposes. Food and beverages operations and laundry operations have a great demand for water. They consume the maximum amount they can. An effective planning for large hotels should start with a grouping of functions for facilities to understand wisely how water is used and the water conservation potentials within each group. The purpose is to analyze all of these uses in an organized way. Usage of water within the hotel premise has got requirements regarding the quality of the water. Water quality refers to the bacteriological, physical, radiological and chemical characteristics of water relative to the safety for consumption. Standards specify maximum contaminant levels that may occur in portable water in the United States (US) are set forth in the safe drinking water Act 1974: It was amended in 1986 and again in 1996. The law is enforced by the US environmental Protection Agency. If the facility water comes from a source other than Public water utility, maintaining water quality becomes the responsibility of the hospitality manager. The HOTER project results in an 80% reduction in the water consumption of a classic hotel through the cost-effective treatment of its wastewater. This is achieved by means of a 2-stage covering treatment process that produces second class water that may be used for the flushing of toilet cisterns and landscaping and potable water that may safely be used as an alternative to conventional. The HOTER plant also results in zero-discharge to the environment and does require any chemicals or consumables. The mud resulting from the treatment plant can be used as a soil conditioner.A hotel using a HOTER plant can do away with a connection to the sewerage network, a huge benefit for hotels located in remote locations. In some hotels, a common way of treating water is to remove calcium or magnesium from the water. Removal of these minerals allows the water to more easily create a soap lather when bathing. It also reduces the chance of minerals buildup on plumbing fixtures and of spotting of surfaces. 2.7.1 Food preparation The following that can be taken to minimize the waste of water in this area: Staff should be well trained to defrost food by placing it in the fridge overnight, or in the microwave, rather than placing it under running water. Vegetable and fruits should be washed in a basin rather than under running tap water. Install flow controllers on taps. Use cold water rather than hot water wherever possible. Ensure that all the staff members are trained towards the conservation of water practices 2.7.2 Toilets Many hotels have their wastes carried by water and pressure through a piping system to a sewage treatment facility. Once the waste arrives at the sewage treatment facility it is contained in what are called reed beds where the waste undergoes a sanitation process which biodegrade rapidly by aid of exposure to elements such as rain and air. A reed bed used for sewage treatment is an eco-friendly process because very little energy for power is needed and a reed bed removes harmful pathogens within the waste before it can become an environmental or public health problem. Waste that has undergone the process of sewage treatment is easier and cost effective to dispose of and the treated wastes can be used for other things such as for agricultural purposes. The water which was used to carry the wastes to the sewage treatment facility along with rain water collections also undergoes a sanitation process then it is recycling for reuse. Conventional toilets use more water than is needed for their intended purpose. More and more hotels are installing eco-friendly toilets that use less water and can even recycle waste water for reuse to significantly reduce water and electricity usage to help conserve these two valuable commodities. Some are now also choosing composting toilets for recycling waste water and conserving electricity, and believe it or not the fact is that, properly composted human wastes can be used safely as agricultural and garden fertilizer. An eco-friendly composting toilet has two water holding tanks one which is known as Grey water and the other one as Black water. The grey water is the water used to flush wastes from the toilet bowl into the black water tank. There is a filtering system in which recycled waste water is sent to the grey water tank for reuse. The black tank holds liquid and solid wastes and also contains bacterial enzymes to aid in the breaking down or composting of wastes. When the black water tank becomes full it can be use as fertilizer for garden plants and flowers or it can be taken to a sewage treatment. In hotels, water used for flushing toilets and urinals can be up to 30%. 2.7.3 Grey water Grey watermay be defined as any household wastewater with the exception of wastewater from toilets, which is known as black water. It is important to point out that 50%-80% of household wastewater is grey water from kitchen sinks, dishwashers, bathroom sinks, tubs and showers. Freshly generated grey water is not as horrible as black-water, but if it is not handled properly it can soon become so. Grey water decomposes at a more rapidly rate than black water and if stored for as little as 24 hours, the bacteria in it use up all the oxygen and the grey water becomes anaerobic and turns infected. After this point it is more like black water stinky and a health exposure. In fact, many jurisdictions have strict regulations about disposal of grey water. It is not necessarily that all grey water is equally grey. Kitchen sink water laden with food solids and laundry water that has been used to wash diapers is more heavily infected than grey water from showers and bathroom sinks, even though grey water from these sources contains less pathogen than black water. It is possible to reduce 60% of the water used by recycling the grey water from baths and showers and rainwater. Research shows that economies can be made in hotels and guest houses by using grey water for toilets. But it has to be admitted that there will be extra costs for plumbing systems. 2.7.4 Baths and showers The need for eco-friendly bathrooms is on the rise. Water conservation products are becoming increasingly popular as consumers are going towards responsible water use. However, fashion aside, the planet has a crucial need for water conservation efforts. Every person can help to save water by making some changes in the place which uses the most water in every bathroom. Chemicals used in cleaning and body products also lead to polluted water, causing los of harm to the environment. There are approximately 1.4 billion cubic meters of water on Earth, 2.8 million cubic meters of which are available for use, an amount of only 0.1%. Water is a precious resource becoming scarcer each day. A single bathroom can use up to 100 litres of clean water daily. Contemporary water conservation efforts and eco-friendliness have begun focusing on making small changes in bathroom features and recycling grey water. Bathrooms use water for showers, toilets, and baths. On average, a shower uses almost 23 litres of water a minute, a toilet flushes with 8 litres of water and a bath uses almost 152 litres of water. Cutting down the amount of water used in a bathroom is not impossible. A bath uses two times more water than a shower, so having a short shower is the first step towards saving water. Keeping the shower to a maximum of five minutes is also efficient in saving a lot of water. Replacing a showerhead with a low flow fitting can help reduce water used by almost 16 liters. Also the tap should not be left running when using a wash basin for brushing teeth. This is also an important aspect to be respected. An eco-friendly bathroom should not only save on water, but should avoid all detrimental chemicals which are deadly to wildlife and eco-systems and aim to save energy. A geyser is often heated to far higher than necessary. Reducing the temperature setting on a geyser saves electricity, as does using a geyser blanket which keeps the geyser heated with less energy. There are a wide variety of cleaning products available which will clean a bathroom without spreading harmful toxins into the water and environment. To eliminate the need to use harsh chemicals is simple, by installing a fan above a bath or shower to remove excess moisture in a bathroom. Ceramic tiles for bathroom floors and to decorate the areas around the bath, shower and basin are eco-friendly, especially is made from recycled materials. Bamboo floors are also an eco-friendly alternative for bathroom flooring. A shower curtain made from fabric is far more environmentally friendly than plastic. A grated cover over the plughole of a shower, bath and washbasin will prevent materials from becoming clogged in drains and will thus cause blockages with extremely heavy corrosives which are harmful to the environment. It is the responsibility of every individual to help with the preservation of natural resources. A bathroom can be extremely taxing on the environment, and if each person instituted some eco-friendly practices into their bathroom, the world would save water, have less pollution and greater hope for the future. 2.7.5 Washing machines and Dishwashers There is considerable usage of washing machines if we consider the volume of laundry and washing-up generated by hotels. It should be noted that if less water is used in dishwashing then a greater amount of detergent and sanitizer needs to be used to achieve the same standard of hygiene hence the costs to the environment change remain the same. Hotel owners and managers benefit, because an efficiently running building requires fewer staff and results in lower operating expenses. Reduced costs can release valuable resources that can be better employed in improving or expending hotel facilities. Guests benefit because an efficiently controlled hotel satisfies the needs of the guests. Consequently this may result in a higher level of repeat business. Staff benefit through their empowerment, involvement and higher morale. This can lead to higher productivity, greater job satisfaction, lower levels of absenteeism and lower rates of staff turnover. The environment also benefits because a reduction in the use of water resources and decreased air, water and land pollution. By conserving all water supplies, there is a compatibility of economic interests and ecological requirements. Saving water charges, that is effluent charges resulting from the disposal of wastewater, saves the hotel money and conserves the water resources. Effective legal and regulatory protection of water, rivers, lakes and oceans is essential, so that it is compulsory for hotel companies to operate with standards that are higher than the often-minimal regulatory framework. Installing waste pipes for washing machines and dishwashers can be done simply by using long hoses and connecting them into the waste trap of your sink. This method is not advisable as it can take up a great deal of room in the under sink cupboards and the hoses usually need to be extra long which means they have a tenancy to sag and allow stale water to sit in them. Another problem is that the only way to connect a washing machine or dishwasher hose to a sink waste outlet is to use a jubilee clip onto a nozzle which is tapered. It is not believes that this is a good practice and sometimes washing machines and dishwashers wastewater is under quite a bit ofpressure when it is expelled by the machine. This could force the hose off. A washing machine or dishwasher waste is usually made with approximately 40mm plastic pipe. Therefore, it is always preferable to use solvent weld or compression fittings with the waste pipe because once it is made, it stays made and there is no chance of leaky joints. 2.8 Water and wastewater management in hotels Water is an efficient practice which is used to improve technologies that deliver both and equal and better services in using less water. The conservation of water also encourages hotels to manage how and when water is being used and by taking into great consideration both the technical and human aspects of water management issues. It has also been noted that in 2010 and 2011, that the use of water will increase to approximately 475 gallons per day for each luxurious hotels rooms. 2.8.1 Characteristics of wastewater There are two important characteristics of wastewater namely; Physical and Chemical. The physical characteristics consist of those items that can be detected with our physical sense. They are as follows: temperature, color, odor and solids. The chemical characteristics of wastewater of special concern to the Utilities man are pH, DO (dissolved oxygen), oxygen demand, nutrients, and toxic substances. 2.8.1.1 Physical characteristics Physical, aerobic, wastewater has been said to have the odour of kerosene or freshly turned earth. Aged, septic sewage is considerably more offensive to the olfactory nerves. The characteristic rotten egg odour of hydrogen sulphide and the mercaptans is indicative of septic sewage. Fresh sewage is typically grey in colour. Septic sewage is black. Wastewater temperature normally ranges between 10-20 °C. In general the temperature of wastewater will be higher than that of the water supply. This is because of the addition of warm water from the guestrooms, kitchens, laundry and heating within the plumbing systems of the structure or hotels. One cubic of wastewater weighs approximately 1,000,000 grams. It will contain about 500 grams of solids. One-half of the solid will be dissolved solids such as calcium, sodium, and soluble organic compounds.

Chemistry Coursework †Fuels Essay -- GCSE Chemistry Coursework Invest

Chemistry coursework – Fuels Planning ======== Aim --- In this investigation I will have to find out which of the alcohol fuels: methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, is the best. The ‘best’ one will be the one which creates the most energy whilst burning. Introduction and prediction --------------------------- A fuel is a substance burned for heat or power. The best type of fuel is one that: can be transported safely without the worry of it catching on fire, gives out a lot of heat for a certain mass, does not cost very much, lights quickly, burns slowly, is safe to use and does not give off any form of polluting gases. When burning alcohols, as I am going to do in this investigation, the reaction is exothermic as heat is given out. Breaking the bonds of the original alcohol by burning requires energy-it is endothermic, making the bonds of the new products of burning the alcohol ie carbon dioxide and water gives out energy-it is exothermic. I predict that Butanol will require the most energy as it has the most bonds holding the carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms together. Propanol will require the second largest amount of energy, Ethanol the third and Methanol the least amount of energy to break these bonds. Methanol CH3OH Ethanol C2H5OH Propanol C3H7OH Butanol C4H9OH Pentanol C5H10OH Therefore I predict that Methanol will be the ‘best’ fuel, followed by Ethanol, then Propanol and the worst fuel will be Buta...

Separating Students Based on Academic Skill Level

Khalid Sarsak 22 October 2012 Separating Students Based on Academic Skill Level Separating students based on academic skill level is a topic discussed by many people. I believe that junior high and high school students with special needs, as well as all other students, should be separated based on academic skill level because every person is different. All humans are unique which is what defines each person as their own being. Not separating students, in my opinion, can have negative results. First, advanced students get held back because teachers must go slower for the students that take more time to learn certain lessons.They begin to get bored and tend to dose off because the material the teacher is going over is too easy for them. For example, when I was in my math class in 7th grade, I would always understand the lessons quickly. Math came easy to me so whenever the teacher was in the middle of a lesson, I would talk to my friends and distract them or I would draw goofy pictures . I wouldn’t take class seriously and sometimes I felt like I should just not come to class. A second reason students should be separated based on academic skill level is because students that need help can get it.Some students that aren’t as academically gifted as others might get disappointed because they are not doing so well in a certain class. They might get stressed too much which can lead to depression and anxiety. If they are separated it would be easier for them to get individual help. Also they will be with students at their same skill level so the class will run more smoothly, they can help each other out, and they will feel more comfortable in class. These issues can be fixed by having all students take an assessment test to evaluate what level each person is in each class.If this would have happened when I was in my 7th grade math class it would have helped me a lot because I would have been ahead in my math classes. Being ahead in my math classes would ha ve helped me because I am currently majoring in computer engineering which needs many math classes. Another reason why students should be separated based on academic skill level is because students that need help or are struggling with a topic might get singled out and made fun of. Their peers might make them feel embarrassed and sometimes insecure to the point where they never ask for help.Some kids are also very shy so they will have a difficult time keeping up with the rest of the class because they won’t ask for help. Similarly, David Raymond, a young dyslexic man, was made fun of and embarrassed in school. In his essay â€Å"On Being 17, Bright, and Unable to Read,† he talks about the hardships of dyslexia that he faced in school. He says â€Å"I just felt dumb. And dumb was how the kids treated me. They’d make fun of me every chance they got, asking me to spell â€Å"cat† or something like that† (197). He shows us how being in a class that he had trouble with caused his peers to single him out which made him feel like he was not smart.He also says in his essay that he wanted to die (197). Anyone that feels like they want to die because of kids making fun of them is never good. However, Raymond attended a summer camp for kids that had dyslexia. He found out that he actually is a smart kid. All the kids at the camp had the same problems that he had so he felt better about himself. He begins to do well in school. In his essay, he says â€Å"Life began to change a little for me then, because I began to feel better about myself [†¦] making vases and pots that teachers said were pretty good† (Raymond 198).Separating David Raymond by putting him with other kids with the same problem helped him cope with his learning disability. He learned new hobbies and other activities that he succeeded with. It also helped him by showing him that he is an intelligent kid because he had a higher IQ than 90% of the camp (198). On the other hand, some people believe that separating kids based on academic skill level may cause some negative things. For example, in his essay â€Å"Of My Friend Hector and My Achilles Heel,† Michael Kaufman discussed how being separated based on academic skill level caused him to become prejudiced towards his friend Hector.Michael Kaufman and Hector were two kids that became neighbors and friends at a young age and grew up together in school. Kaufman was placed in a higher class than Hector, which Kaufman believes, caused him to become arrogant and prejudiced towards Hector in their adult years (148-149). However, there are other ways to stop labeling and prejudices without completely stopping the separation of students by their academic skill levels. For example, schools can have teachers talk about stereotypes, labeling, and prejudices to show how it can negatively affect other kids.This can teach students that labeling kids a hurtful name can cause them to distance them selves from people and become depressed. Also schools can try to teach students about a variety of different people and their cultures so they have a better understanding of their peers. All in all, this world has millions of different people that think differently and have different levels of intelligence. There are many jobs and careers that are different from each other and take different skills to do.Separating students based on academic skill level will not only make a more organized schooling system, but it will also help the students learn at their own pace and set the sights toward their future careers. Works Cited Kaufman, Michael T. â€Å"Of My Friend Hector and My Achilles Heel. † Models for Writers. Eds. Alfred Rosa and Paul Eschholz. 10th ed. Boston: Bedford, 2010. 146-149. Print. Raymond, David. â€Å"On Being 17, Bright, and Unable to Read. † Models for Writers. Eds. Alfred Rosa and Paul Eschholz. 10th ed. Boston: Bedford, 2010. 196-199. Print.

Conjugating the French Verb Soutenir (to Support)

Conjugating the French Verb Soutenir (to Support) Soutenir  (to support, to give support to, to defend, to maintain) is a  common French verb that belongs to one of the groups within  irregular  -ir  verbs  that display some conjugation patterns: a first group  of verbs that are conjugated like partir; a second group conjugated like verbs ending in  -llir,  -frir,   or -vrir;  almost all of which are conjugated like regular -er verbs; and a third group ending in -enir, such as  tenir (to hold)  and venir  (to come), which follow a shared conjugation pattern in the present tense. The verb soutenir belongs to the third group of irregular -ir verbs ending in -enir that are conjugated like tenir and venir.  Note that the conjugations in the table at the bottom of the page are only those for simple tenses; compound conjugations of soutenir, which include a form of the auxiliary verb  avoir  and the past participle  soutenu, are not included. Theres one major difference in the compound tenses of tenir, venir, and their derivatives: Tenir and its derivatives use avoir as their auxiliary verb, while venir and most of its derivatives use  Ãƒ ªtre. There are many verbs conjugated like these two major French verbs. Other FRENCH VERBS ENDING IN -TENIR Verbs that end in  -tenir  are all conjugated the same way.  They all  take  avoir  as their auxiliary verb. sabstenir  Ã‚  to refrain, abstain fromappartenir  Ã‚  to belong tocontenir  Ã‚  to containdà ©tenir  Ã‚  to detainentretenir  Ã‚  to look after, support, foster, keep alivemaintenir  Ã‚  to maintainobtenir   to obtainretenir  Ã‚  to retaintenir  Ã‚  to hold, keep FRENCH VERBS ENDING IN -VENIR Most verbs that end in  -venir  use  Ãƒ ªtre  as their auxiliary verb. A few, such as  circonvenir, prà ©venir, and  se souvenir  (see  below) use  avoir. advenir  Ã‚  to happencirconvenir  Ã‚  to circumvent, get aroundcontrevenir  Ã‚  to contraveneconvenir  Ã‚  to suit, be suitabledevenir  Ã‚  to becomeintervenir  Ã‚  to interveneparvenir  Ã‚  to reach, achieveprà ©venir  Ã‚  to warnprovenir  Ã‚  to come from, be due torevenir  Ã‚  to come backse souvenir de  Ã‚  to remembersubvenir  Ã‚  to provide forsurvenir  Ã‚  to occur, take placevenir to come Expressions and Examples With Soutenir Sa prà ©sence ma beaucoup soutenue dans cette à ©preuve. His presence was a great comfort to me in this ordealTu  soutiens toujours ta fille contre moi  !   You always side with your daughter against me !soutenir une à ©quipe   to be a fan of  / to support a sports teamJe pense que nous sommes libres mais elle soutient le contraire.  Ã‚  I think that were free but she claims (that) the opposite is true.Il soutient que tu mens.   He keeps saying that youre a liar.soutenir la comparaison avec  Ã‚  to stand  / to bear comparison withsoutenir un sià ¨ge  militaire   to withstand a siegesoutenir sa thà ¨se  Ã‚  to defend ones thesisse soutenir (reciprocal pronominal)   to stand by each other,  to stick togetherse soutenir (intransitive pronominal) to hold oneself up,  to support oneselfLe vieillard narrivait plus se soutenir sur ses jambes. The old mans legs could no longer support  /  carry him.Elle se soutenait avec peine.   She could hardly stay upright. HOW TO MEMORIZE FRENCH VERB CONJUGATIONS Tip:  Concentrate on the most useful tenses (prà ©sent, imparfait, passà © composà ©) and get used to  using them in context. Once youve mastered them, move on to the rest. Training with an audio source may also be helpful. There are many liaisons, elisions, and modern glidings used with French verbs, and the written form may mislead you such that you end up using the wrong pronunciation. Simple Conjugations of the Irregular French -ir Verb Soutenir Present Future Imperfect Present participle je soutiens soutiendrai soutenais soutenant tu soutiens soutiendras soutenais il soutient soutiendra soutenait nous soutenons soutiendrons soutenions vous soutenez soutiendrez souteniez ils soutiennent soutiendront soutenaient Pass compos Auxiliary verb avoir Past participle soutenu Subjunctive Conditional Pass simple Imperfect subjunctive je soutienne soutiendrais soutins soutinsse tu soutiennes soutiendrais soutins soutinsses il soutienne soutiendrait soutint soutnt nous soutenions soutiendrions soutnmes soutinssions vous souteniez soutiendriez soutntes soutinssiez ils soutiennent soutiendraient soutinrent soutinssent Imperative tu soutiens nous soutenons vous soutenez

The Illustrated Man summaries essays

The Illustrated Man summaries essays This chapter included vivid sensory detail, creating great imagery of the illustrated man. The narrator met the illustrated man running down an asphalt road in Wisconsin. In a days time the man had learned the life story of the illustrated man, including the day that he got his illustrations, and the tattoo artist who he plans to kill if ever seen again. When watched, the illustrations move, and each tell a story. While spending the night with him under a bench, the narrator watched the forbidden illustrations come to life as the chapter ends. This story upon the illustrated man was of the Hadley family who had purchased a house, which did everything for them except for sleep. The house even carried them from floor to floor, by an air flue. The two children, Peter and Wendy, because of the house, overtime had replaced their parents with the a room called a vedlt. The vedlt made the thoughts of whoever was in it come to life. The children learned to love this room, because it gave them everything they wanted. When the children learned of their parents plans to try and kill the entire house, they informed the vedlt, and had the lions in the vedlt of Africa, to eat their parents. Bradbury is showing us to not let technology go to far, and not to let technology run our lives. In this chapter, a rocket had blown up, leaving its crew falling in space. Though thousands of miles away, the crew was able to talk about where they were headed, after realizing that they had no choice. Once all communication was lost, captain Hollis realized that he had nothing to try and live for, and thought of what he could now do for himself to say that his life had been worth living. There was nothing. The chapter ends with captain Hollis burning alive like a shooting star over Illinois. The theme in this chapter is to live for today. You cant always think, well theres tomorrow.&quo...

Women in Muslim Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Women in Muslim Society - Essay Example Therefore, the requisite of belief for Muslims is a relatively simple one; if you recognize that the ancient prophets had some conception of the true nature of God, then you are capable of leading a holy and virtuous path. Faith demands adherence to the code of laws, and a recognition of the nature of mankind and his place within the world. The Qur'an makes it clear that no restrictions should be placed upon who can be saved spiritually based upon sex, culture, race, class, or the actions of others. However, these stipulations upon entry into heaven do not formally empower women in their social relationships. Although a person of any sex or ethnicity possesses the capacity to recognize Allah as the one true God and Muhammad as his prophet in virtually all Muslim societies, many of these societies rely upon tribal law and gender traditions to determine particular power structures. The consequence of this is that in a number of Muslim societies women are explicitly identified as being inferior to men and, accordingly, are forced to occupy purely subservient positions. Of course, violence against women has been recognized as a global pandemic, which is not at all exclusive to the Islamic world: "The situation has lead public health experts to consider violence against women a global public health issue, one requiring a public health approach."1 Domestic abuse is common across virtually all cultures and religions to a very high degree; but in many Islamic societies - the Arab world in particular - violence against women could be far more prevalent than in the West, stemming partially from the underground, behind-closed-door character of women in these societies and partially from the widespread acceptance of domestic violence by the male-dominated, ruling sects. As a result, "Research carried out in several Arab countries, however, shows that at least one out of three women is beaten by her husband."2 It has been argued by a number of Western theorists that violence is endemic to Muslim societies; violence against those of other religions and violence against those occupying a lower-rung on the social ladder - women - are both justified within the overall Muslim worldview, according to these theorists. In Islam, within any given community, the rights of the underprivileged are such that they are justified in overthrowing those institutions that are deemed unjust, so long as the injustice lies clearly outside the teachings of the Qur'an. One of the difficulties with this position is that if the practices of other societies are unjust with respect to the teachings of Muhammad and Islam, then there is good reason to work to physically bring down these societies so they better adhere to the paths of virtue. So, quite often, cross-societal violence is clearly justified. But the reverse of this situation is also superficially justified; if the underprivileged of society are deemed to be behaving in an immoral manner, then violence against them is also justified. Although comprehensive studies and, therefore, accurate data is scarce, is has been often suggested that this justification for violence against women is quite prevalent in nations such as Afghanistan and Pakistan.3 Efforts to overcome these rationalizations for such violence have come largely from the West, though much of the propaganda has been aimed at appealing

Marketing Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing - Research Paper Example The marketing decides about what to produce and where to position and sell the product – which market segment to cater or how to differentiate the product from competition. Correct identification of all these tasks in proper direction is of paramount importance that eventually makes the organization thrive with ever increasing sales. It will be most appropriate to explore how the marketing function can turn the tides in company’s favor so that the company is put on high trajectory of growth with thumping profits. Smith (2011) argues that some airlines increase their costs by 25 percent just to get additional 5 percent of the market. It just does not make sense if profitability is one of the goals. Southwest airlines continued with a strategy of low pricing for over 4 decades albeit with a focus on target market and that concept always stayed with the company. In a short distance travel, Southwest Airlines identified the customer needs as flexible and efficient travel, l esser time in boarding, timely service and of course, the affordable price. Southwest Airlines met with these needs of its customers by removing meals, no preselecting of seat, no first class travel, no booking through agent. In short, it was a selection between satisfying every customer at high cost or satisfying a vast majority at low cost and the Southwest Airlines smartly decided to choose the latter. Southwest continues with this philosophy even today. It operates with efficiency and without any extra frills when compared with competitors. At low cost, it still makes profit and continues to grow. The Starbucks Coffee Company is one of the fastest growing organization and worth mentioning for its prudent marketing strategies; especially, small businesses can learn a lot from the company. Starting with just one store about 30 years ago, currently the company owns thousands of outlets in the US and abroad with the total revenue exceeding $4 billion. Starbucks does not put ad in ne wspapers or a billboard or a poster. They focus on product quality providing delicious taste and aroma. Customer satisfaction has been their main guiding principle and in keeping with that the company has added more flavors in their serving, high speed wire-less internet capability in their outlets and pleasant environment. Their product and services speak for themselves through word-of-mouth publicity discarding any need for a high-level ad campaign. Apple Inc. is a classic case of innovation and product development that firmly establishes the company as most sought after in the market place so far its products are concerned. Apple came out with iPod, iTunes, iPhone and then the App Store. The iPod found the gap in MP3 player market and promptly filled the gap to grab over 70 percent market share; that is unprecedented in the history. In the field of tablet computer, iPad’s market share is over 50 percent – much ahead of its nearest rival Samsung who is languishing at meager 18 percent market share. In smart phone market, iPhone’s market share has risen by 10 percentage points to touch